The Lombard Review

Bonds finally pay more than inflation

Positive real yields compress equity premium

Immeuble, 114 avenue des Champs-Élysées, Paris
Immeuble, 114 avenue des Champs-Élysées, Paris Photo: Chabe01/Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0

Key data10Y TIPS ~2%, highest since 2009

The sovereign bond market has crossed a monumental psychological threshold. With ten-year US Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) breaching two per cent for the first time since the global financial crisis of 2009, risk-free capital is finally generating authentic, post-inflation purchasing power. The era of financial repression, where savers were forced into speculative assets to preserve capital, is officially over.

Mike Starkey harvests wheat on his field in Brownsburg, IN June 28, 2021. (NRCS
Mike Starkey harvests wheat on his field in Brownsburg, IN June 28, 2021. (NRCS Photo: USDAgov/Wikimedia Commons · Public domain

The Hurdle Rate Resets

A guaranteed two per cent real return on sovereign risk resets the hurdle rate for every asset class across the global financial system. The equity risk premium, compressed to multi-decade lows, suddenly looks absurdly stingy when an investor can lock in risk-free real returns backed by the full faith and credit of the sovereign. Private equity valuations, venture capital models, and real estate cap rates must reprice to justify their risk spreads over a two per cent real baseline.

Madras Port, with buildings on Rajaji Road in background
Madras Port, with buildings on Rajaji Road in background Photo: Ipsingh at English Wikipedia/Wikimedia Commons · Public domain

A two per cent real yield on risk-free sovereign debt is a systemic gravity well that will inexorably pull speculative multiples across equities and alternative assets back to earth.

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